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The first settlement traces come from the 9th century BC. In the second half of the 1st century BC began the Romanizing.
Whether a
town wall existed in pre-roman time is unsaved. The first roman
town wall comes possibly from the time of the raising to a municipium (under Titus Flavius Vespasianus,
AD 69 to 79).
Because
of the raids of the barbarians was built in the 4th century
AD
a new town wall
. The settlement
surface was reduced in this time.
In AD 468 the Swabians which already gained entrance in 465 pillaged the town. The place was inhabited in the 6th century however. The name transferred later to the present Coimbra which was called Aeminium before.
The place is the best preserved from roman time in the
present Portugal. Following is to see: different thermal springs, residential buildings,
insulae, an aqueduct, the forum, the town wall and a early-Christian church. The amphitheater is not accessible.
Rabaçal
In the present place Rabaçal a villa rustica was built in the late empire. The rooms were grouped around a peristylium in the form of an octagon and had high-quality mosaics. This building had a tower. Furthermore existed a bath-building.
It is a question of a villa which was built only in the 4th century AD. The owner was probably very rich and moved to the country. This was often to find in this time.
The villa can be visited, however, the key must be demanded in the museum in Rabaçal:
Wednesday to Friday: 14.00 to 18.00 o'clock
Saturday/Sunday: 11.00 to 13.00 / 14.00 to 18.00 o'clock